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London Effectiveness and Equality in Spatial-Tempo Fix

London's urban development history offers a great case study for Chinese cities at the present time. Firstly, the strategy of the Green Belts is worth studying in terms of preventing urban sprawl and ensuring the quality of life through providing ecological open space. Secondly, the size of the London metropolitan area offers a reference to the maximum scale of an urban sprawl. Thirdly, the New Towns movement and the Abercrombie Plan merit the attention of Chinese cities in proposing bounded satellite towns in the Outer Country Ring.

At present, it is necessary for Chinese cities to formulate more localized strategies towards ecological resources. On the one hand, effectiveness and equity should be balanced when we consider ecological space as a resource, giving it both ecological attributes and resource attributes. On the other hand, ecological, social, and economic benefits should be balanced, taking into consideration the capacity of the carbon sink, human participation, and the efficiency of pedestrian walkways. It is common in the planning and design of Chinese cities that ecological benefits are adequate, but there is room for improvement when it comes to economic and social benefits. Urban development in Chinese cities should benefit from London’s experience while also seeking innovation through their own explorations.